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Vol 57(2023) N 2 p. 182-192; DOI 10.1134/S0026893323020048 Full Text

A.A. Bulygin1,2, A.A. Kuznetsova1, O.S. Fedorva1, N.A. Kuznetsov1,2*

Comparative Analysis of Family A DNA-Polymerases as a Searching Tool for Enzymes with New Properties

1Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
2Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia

*nikita.kuznetsov@niboch.nsc.ru
Received - 2022-07-21; Revised - 2022-09-07; Accepted - 2022-09-07

DNA polymerases catalyze DNA synthesis during DNA replication, repair, and recombination. A number of DNA polymerases, such as the Taq enzyme from Thermus aquaticus, are used in various applications of molecular biology and biotechnology, in particular as DNA amplification tools. However, the efficiency of these enzymes depends on factors such as DNA origin, primer composition, template length, GC-content, and the ability to form stable secondary structures. These limitations in the use of currently known DNA polymerases lead to the search for new enzymes with improved properties. This review summarizes the main structural and molecular-kinetic features of the functioning of DNA-polymerases belonging to structural family A, including Taq polymerase. A phylogenetic analysis of these enzymes was carried out, which made it possible to establish a highly conserved consensus sequence containing 62 amino acid residues distributed over the structure of the enzyme. A comparative analysis of these amino acid residues among poorly studied DNA-polymerases revealed 7 enzymes that potentially have the properties necessary for use in DNA amplification.

protein-nucleic acid interactions, DNA-polymerase, structural family, catalytic mechanism, active site, kinetics



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